Study of clinical characteristics in patients with gp210 antibody-positive primary biliary cholangitis / 中华肝脏病杂志

Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics and prognostic value of liver function in a large samples of patients with anti-glycoprotein 210 (gp210 antibody) positive primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). Methods: A retrospective study was performed on 931 PBC cases in Beijing You'an Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University from 2010 to 2019. According to the detection of gp210 antibody, 318 cases were divided into gp210 antibody positive group (positive group) and 613 cases were divided into gp210 antibody negative group (negative group). The differences in demographic, medical history, clinical indicators, B-ultrasound and pathological indicators as well as the histopathological basis were compared between the two groups. SPSS 16.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Measurement data were analyzed by t-test or rank sum test, and enumeration data by χ2 test. Multivariate analysis was used for logistic test, and and survival analysis was used for prognosis. Results: The positive and the negative groups were compared. The ratio of male to female was significantly higher in positive than negative group (1:5.35 vs. 1:9.73, P＜0.05), and the difference was statistically significant. The proportion of hormone use in history of past diagnosed and treated was higher in positive than negative group (12.9% vs. 3.47%, P＜0.05), and the difference was statistically significant. The detection of biochemical indexes such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBIL), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) were higher in positive than the negative group (51.1 U/L vs. 41.1 U/L, 62.6 U/L vs. 49.6 U/L, 24.1 μmol/L vs. 17.9 μmol/L, 228.3 U/L vs. 169.6 U/L, 203.9 U/L vs. 147.6 U/L), (P＜0.05), and the differences were statistically significant. Antinuclear antibody (ANA)-positive rate, high titer ratio and immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels were higher in positive than negative group (95.2% vs. 81.6%, 69.7% vs. 48.8%, 17.2 g/L vs. 16.2 g/L), (P＜0.05), and the differences were statistically significant. The incidence of liver failure was higher in positive than negative group (P＜0.05). CK7 and inflammation score were higher in positive group than negative group in liver histopathological observations (0.83±0.53 vs. 0.28±0.47; 1.06±0.39 vs. 0.54±0.65), (P＜0.05), and the differences were statistically significant. Conclusion: The illness condition of patients with gp210 antibody positive PBC is more severe than patients with gp210 antibody negative PBC, and the incidence of liver failure is significantly increased. Cholangiocytes may be the histopathological basis of the clinical characteristics of gp210 antibody positive PBC patients.

Multi-center investigation of the clinical and pathological characteristics of inflammatory breast cancer based on Chinese Society of Breast Surgery (CSBrs-007) / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is an aggressive type of cancer with poor prognosis and outcomes. This study aimed to investigate clinicopathological features, molecular characteristics, and treatments among Chinese patients diagnosed with IBC.@*METHODS@#We collected data of 95 patients with IBC who were treated by members of the Chinese Society of Breast Surgery, from January 2017 to December 2018. The data, including demographic characteristics, pathological findings, surgical methods, systemic treatment plans, and follow-up, were obtained using a uniform electronic questionnaire. The clinicopathological features of different molecular types in patients without distant metastases were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis (H) test followed by post hoc analyses.@*RESULTS@#Lymph node metastasis was noted in 75.8% of all patients, while distant metastasis was noted in 21.4%. Pathological findings indicated invasive ductal and lobular carcinomas in 86.8% and 5.3% of cases, respectively. Hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) (41.5%) and HR-/HER2+ (20.1%) were the most common biologic subtypes, followed by HR+/HER2+ (19.1%) and HR-/HER2- (19.1%). Stage III IBC was treated via pre-operative neoadjuvant chemotherapy in 87.7% of the cases, predominantly using anthracycline and taxanes. A total of 91.9% of patients underwent surgical treatment. Among them, 77.0% of the patients underwent modified radical mastectomy, 8.1% of whom also underwent immediate breast reconstruction. The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed that the efficacy of chemotherapy significantly differed among those with HR+/HER2- and HR-/HER2- tumors (adjusted P = 0.008), and Ki-67 expression significantly differed in HR-/HER2+ and HR+/HER2+ molecular subtypes (adjusted P = 0.008).@*CONCLUSION@#Our study provides novel insight into clinicopathological characteristics and treatment status among patients with IBC in China, and might provide a direction and basis for further studies.@*TRIAL REGISTRATION@#chictr.org.cn, No. ChiCTR1900027179; http://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojen.aspx?proj=45030.

Fluoxetine is Neuroprotective in Early Brain Injury via its Anti-inflammatory and Anti-apoptotic Effects in a Rat Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Model / 神经科学通报·英文版

Fluoxetine, an anti-depressant drug, has recently been shown to provide neuroprotection in central nervous system injury, but its roles in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to evaluate whether fluoxetine attenuates early brain injury (EBI) after SAH. We demonstrated that intraperitoneal injection of fluoxetine (10 mg/kg per day) significantly attenuated brain edema and blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, microglial activation, and neuronal apoptosis in EBI after experimental SAH, as evidenced by the reduction of brain water content and Evans blue dye extravasation, prevention of disruption of the tight junction proteins zonula occludens-1, claudin-5, and occludin, a decrease of cells staining positive for Iba-1, ED-1, and TUNEL and a decline in IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, MDA, 3-nitrotyrosine, and 8-OHDG levels. Moreover, fluoxetine significantly improved the neurological deficits of EBI and long-term sensorimotor behavioral deficits following SAH in a rat model. These results indicated that fluoxetine has a neuroprotective effect after experimental SAH.

Causes prevention and treatment for cerebrospinal leak after lumbar revision surgery / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the causes and explore the measures of prevention and treatment of the cerebrospinal leak after lumbar revision surgery.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 24 patients(17.78%) with cerebrospinal leak among 135 cases after lumbar revision surgery from January 2011 to January 2016 was retrospectively studied. Of them, 12 cases due to severe adhesion caused by scar formation; 4 cases due to yellow ligament hyperplasia adhesion with dura mater occurred dural tears when separating adhesion; 2 cases with severe hyperplasia and ossification of lumbar posterior longitudinal ligament occurred dural tears when revealing intervertebral disk; 2 cases due to improper nailing happened dural tears during operation. And the other 4 cases without obvious dural tears in surgery, occurred cerebrospinal leak one to two days after surgery. And the 24 patients were treated with the measures of prevention and treatment preoperatively, intraoperatively, and postoperatively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Twenty-four patients with cerebrospinal leak were cured after treatment and were follow-up for 6 to 30 months. No recurrence of cerebrospinal leake or local and systemic complications were found.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Scar formation is the main cause of cerebrospinal leak in lumbar revision surgery. As for lumbar revision surgery, as long as the standard control measures are taken, it can significantly reduce the incidence of cerebrospinal leak, achieve better clinical efficacy, and fundamentally solve the cerebrospinal leak problem that has plagued both doctors and patients for a long time.</p>

Treponema pallidum-specific antibody expression for the diagnosis of different stages of syphilis / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Tp15, Tp17, Tp45, and Tp47 are outer-membrane proteins found in Treponema pallidum, the etiologic agent of syphilis. These proteins are potent antigens and are potential markers for the serological detection of syphilis. The present study analyzed antibodies to these protein antigens (TP-IgM and TP-IgG) in human serum and investigated the expression of these antibodies during different stages of syphilis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Serum samples were collected from 69 subjects (male 45, female 24) diagnosed with syphilis and analyzed by Western blotting for the expression of IgM and IgG against the four protein antigens. Expression levels of the target antibodies were compared during the same stage of syphilis as well as between different stages of this disease.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In subjects with primary syphilis, the positive rate of Tp45 IgM was higher than that of other TP-IgM. Tp15 IgM was detected only in subjects with tertiary syphilis. Similarly, the seroprevalence of Tp45 IgG in primary syphilis was higher than for other TP-IgG. No target TP-IgM was detected in subjects with latent syphilis. In subjects with secondary syphilis, the expression level of Tp15 IgG (138.73 ± 20.16) was higher than for other target TP-IgG. In subjects with tertiary syphilis, all target TP-IgG were detected. In subjects with tertiary or latent syphilis, the expression levels of Tp45 IgG (121.33 ± 11.04 and 110.10 ± 40.19, respectively) were higher than those of other target TP-IgG. The expression levels of all Tp-IgM were similar before or after anti-syphilis treatment. In comparison, the expression levels of all TP-IgG decreased compared with the pre-treatment levels, and this decrease was statistically significant (both P < 0.05) for Tp17 IgG and Tp47 IgG.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>After Treponema pallidum infection, Tp45 IgM appeared first and Tp15 IgM occurred during later stages. The positive rates of all TP-IgG increased with the duration of this disease. Anti-syphilis treatment reduced the expression levels of Tp17 IgG and Tp47 IgG. Larger-scale studies are required to further validate the value of Tp15, Tp17, Tp45, and Tp47 as markers for the early detection of primary and latent syphilis.</p>

Screening for EGFR mutations in lung cancer by a novel real-time PCR with double-loop probe and Sanger DNA sequencing / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To map the frequency and types of EGFR gene mutations present in lung cancer tissues. To evaluate the clinical applicability of a novel real-time double-loop probe PCR of which the ADx-EGFR kit is based, and to compare its performance with traditional Sanger DNA sequencing in the detection of somatic mutations of tumor genes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 208 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor samples were tested. Genomic DNA of the tissue samples was extracted and purified, and subjected to both traditional PCR amplification, Sanger sequencing of EGFR gene in exon 18, 19, 20, 21, and ADx's EGFR mutation detection kit. The mutation rates for EGFR gene in exon 18, 19, 20, 21, as well as the frequency of each mutation detected by the two methods, were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The traditional Sanger DNA sequencing technique was successfully performed in 196 out of 208 (94.2%) lung cancer samples, and 22 samples (11.2%) showed EGFR gene mutations. ADx-EGFR kit was successfully used in the lung cancers of all of the 208 cases (100.0%), and 40 samples (19.2%) showed mutations. In the lung cancer samples analyzed, mutations were mainly detected in the exon 19 and exon 21 L858R point mutation, i.e. 4.8% (10/208) and 11.6% (23/208) of total mutations, respectively, and the remaining mutations were rare.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The success rate of ADx-EGFR real-time PCR for formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues samples is significantly higher than that of Sanger sequencing (P < 0.01). There are significant differences between the two methods. ADx-EGFR real-time PCR shows a much higher successful detection rate and mutation rate of lung cancer tissues compared with that of Sanger sequencing. As a result, the real-time PCR with ADx-EGFR kit is proved to have a good clinical applicability and a strong advantage over the traditional Sanger DNA sequencing. It is an effective and reliable tool for clinical screening of somatic gene mutations in tumors.</p>

Investigate circulating levels of chemokines and evaluate the correlation between these chemokines and liver function indicators in autoimmune hepatitis / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This study investigated circulation levels of chemokines (CCL2, CCL5, CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL10) in autoimmune hepatitis(AIH) patients and evaluated the correlation between these chemokines and liver function indicators.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 5 chemokines (CCL2, CCL5, CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL10) were measured simultaneously by cytokine beads assay(CBA) in the sera of 46 patients with AIH and 12 cases of healthy control.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In this study we found that serum levels of CCL2 , CXCL9 and CXCL10 in AIH patients and healthy controls were 11.79:8.39 pg/ml, 11.31:2.69 pg/ml, 15.85:4.64 pg/ml, respectively , which implied these chemokines were significantly higher in AIH patients when compared to healthy control (Z=-1.958, P=0.05; Z=-4.527, P less than 0.0001; Z=-3.84, P less than 0.0001, respectively). And circulation levels of CCL2 , CXCL8 , CXCL9 and CXCL10 in pretreatment and remission stages of patients with AIH were 29.69:11.16 pg/ml, 7.2:5.38 pg/ml, 16.02:5.47 pg/ml, 90.01:13.24 pg/ml, respectively, which showed these chemokines decreased during remission from pretreatment stage levels (t=2.985, P=0.005; Z=-2.547, P=0.0112; Z=-3.187, P=0.001; t=2.12, P=0.0015, respectively). Among AIH , CXCL8 was correlated positively with lgG(r2=0.291, P=0.0039); CXCL9 was associated positively with ALT and AST(r2=0.5324 , P less than 0.0001; r2=0.3352, P less than 0.0001); CXCL10 showed a positive correlation with ALT , AST and GGT(r2=0.9551, P less than 0.0001; r2=0.8960, P less than 0.0001; r2=0.8271, P less than 0.0001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Serum levels of CCL2, CXCL8, CXCL9 and CXCL10 are significantly higher in patients with AIH, but decrease to levels in healthy controls after successful treatment , and circulation levels of CXCL9 and CXCL10 are associated positively with liver function indicators which can react inflammation activity of liver, all these may imply that chemokines can reflect the degree of liver inflammation and may be one of the main culprits in AIH pathological damage.</p>

Detection of EML4-ALK fusion gene in non-small cell lung cancer and its clinicopathologic correlation / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the frequency of EML4-ALK fusion gene in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, and its correlation with clinicopathologic features.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Real-time PCR was used to detect the presence of EML4-ALK fusion gene in 268 cases of NSCLCs using paraffin-embedded tissue samples(among which 164 samples were re-validated by Sanger sequencing). Related clinicopathological correlation was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>EML4-ALK fusion gene was found in 4.1% (11/268) of the cases. One hundred and sixty four samples were verified by Sanger sequencing, and the overall coincidence of the results of two methods (Sanger sequencing and Real-time PCR) was 100%. Female patients (5.9%, 5/85), ≤ 60 years of age (4.3%, 6/140), non-smokers (6.8%, 8/118) and adenocarcinomas (7.6%, 10/132) had a higher mutation rate than that in male patients (3.3%, 6/183), > 60 years of age (4.0%, 5/124), smokers (1.6%, 2/132) and squamous cell carcinomas (1.3%, 1/79), although no statistical significance in age (P = 0.918), gender (P = 0.503), smoking history (P = 0.092) and histological type (P = 0.094).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Chinese NSCLC patients have a 4.1% detection rate of EML4-ALK fusion gene in the tumor tissues. Female, non-smoker and adenocarcinoma histological subtype tend to be associated with a higher rate of EML4-ALK gene fusion.</p>

The clinical analysis of 93 children with pulmonary echinococcus / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To approach the clinical characteristics and surgical treatment of children with pulmonary echinococcus.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Retrospective analysis of child patients with pulmonary echinococcus from January 1980 to December 2008 was carried out, associated with clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment, operation methods (complete removal of endocyst and cystectomy with needle aspiration), prognosis and recurrence. There were 93 patients (54 male and 39 female) aged from 2 to 14 years. There were 82 cases lived in the echinococcosis pulmonary endemic areas, accounting for 88.1% (82/93), and 79 cases of patients had obvious contact with dogs or sheep, accounting for 84.9% (79/93). There were 68 cases with simple pulmonary echinococcus accounted for 73.1% (68/93), 25 cases suffered from complexity pulmonary hydatid, accounting for 26.9% (25/93).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All patients were cured or improved after surgery except one dead. Six cases got postoperative pulmonary infection, 3 cases had wound infection, 1 case suffered from bile-pleura fistula. There were 76 patients (81.7%) followed up for 1 to 10 years after surgery. Five cases had recurrence, the recurrence rate was 5.4% (5/93).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The clinical symptoms of pulmonary echinococcus in children is not typical, misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis take place easily. Complete removal of endocyst has low postoperative complications and lower relapse rate.</p>

Screening for K-ras mutations in colorectal and lung cancers by using a novel real-time PCR with ADx-K-ras kit and Sanger DNA sequencing / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>to map out the frequency and types of K-ras gene mutations present in colorectal and lung cancer patients; to evaluate the clinical applicability of a novel real-time double-loop probe PCR using the ADx-K-ras kit, and to compare its performance with the result by using traditional Sanger DNA sequencing in detection of somatic mutations of the tumor genes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>a total of 827 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) blocks including 583 from the colorectal and 244 from the lung cancer patients were assayed. Genomic DNA of the sample tissues was extracted, purified and subjected to PCR amplification of K-ras gene codon 12 and 13 and DNA sequencing was carried on using both the traditional Sanger sequencing method and the ADx's K-ras mutation detection kit, respectively. The mutation rates for K-ras gene at codon 12 and 13, and the mutation frequencies detected by using both methods were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>533 out of 583 (91.4%) colorectal cancer samples and 144 out of 244 lung cancer samples (59.0%) were detected using the traditional Sanger DNA sequencing technique, and 583 out of 583 (100.0%) colorectal plus 244 out of 244(100.0%) lung cancers were detected, respectively by using the ADx-K-ras kit. Of the 583 colorectal cancer samples, 192 (32.9%) showed mutations by using the ADx-K-ras kit in comparing with a result of 160 samples (27.4%) with K-ras gene mutation by using the traditional Sanger DNA sequencing technique. Of the 244 lung cancer samples, 26 (10.7%) showed K-ras gene mutations by using ADx-K-ras kit, while in 144 samples detected by using the traditional Sanger DNA sequencing technique, only 12 samples (8.3%) showed K-ras gene mutations. In colorectal cancer analyzed, GGT→GAT at codon 12 was the most common event with 35.1% (66/188) mutations, followed by GGC→GAC at codon 13 with 26.6% (50/188) and GGT→GTT at codon 12 with 18.6% (35/188), while GGT→GCT at codon12 was the most rare with only 1.6% (3/188) of the total mutation cases. In patients with lung cancer analyzed, GGT→GTT at codon 12 was the most common mutation, accounting for 40.9% (9/22), and GGT→GCT at codon 12 the most rare with only about 4.5% (1/22) of the total mutation cases.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>K-ras gene mutations were present in colorectal cases, and significantly more frequent than that in lung cancer. There were significant statistical differences between the two methods. ADx-K-ras real-time PCR showed much higher successful detection rates and mutation ratios compared to Sanger sequencing. As a result, the real-time PCR with ADx-K-ras kit proves to have a good clinical applicability and a strong advantage over the traditional Sanger DNA sequencing. It is a effective and reliable tool for clinical screening of somatic gene mutations in tumors.</p>

Detection of antigen-epitope-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in patients with hepatitis B virus infection by enzyme linked immunospot assay / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the ability of secreting interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) of the peripheral blood monocular cells (PBMC) stimulated by hepatitis B virus (HBV)-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes peptides and to analyze the difference of CTL immune response in patients with HBV infection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Four HLA-A2-restricted HBV cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitopes [Tp: HBV polymerase 575-583 (FLLSLGIHL), Te1: envelope 28-39 (IPQSLDSWWTSL), Te2: envelope 183-191 (FLLTRILTI) and Tc: core 18-27 (FLPSDFFPSV)] were synthesized. Human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-A2 typing was detected by Flow cytometry. PBMCs which were isolated from patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB), patients with chronic severe hepatitis B(CSH), subjects with past HBV infection(N1) and healthy blood donors (N2) were stimulated by the four HLA-A2-restricted HBV CTLs epitopes. Enzyme linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay was used to detect the frequency of secreting IFN-gamma CTL in each group.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) HLA-A2 typing: 20 of 44 patients with CHB (45.5%) were HLA-A2 positive, 10/18 (55.6%) in CSH and 6/10 (60%) in group N1 were HLA-A2 positive.10 healthy blood donors' HLA-typing was detected in the early study.(2) ELISPOT results: (1) The total responses to the four epitopes in CHB, CSH, N1 and N2 groups were 50% (10/20), 10% (1/10), 83.3% (5/6) and 10% (1/10), respectively. The response in N1 group was significantly higher than that in CSH group (chi(2) = 9.000, P = 0.008) and N2 group (chi(2) = 9.000, P = 0.008). (2) The CTL average magnitude response to Tp epitope, Te1 epitope, Te2 epitope and Tc epitope was also significantly higher in past HBV infection group (77 SFC/10(6) PBMC, 59 SFC/10(6) PBMC, 100 SFC/10(6) PBMC and 57 SFC/10(6) PBMC, respectively) than that of CSH group (10 SFC/10(6) PBMC, 0 SFC/10(6) PBMC, 0 SFC/10(6) PBMC and 20 SFC/10(6) PBMC respectively, all P < 0.01) and N2 group (15 SFC/10(6) PBMC, 0 SFC/10(6) PBMC, 22 SFC/10(6) PBMC and 30 SFC/10(6) PBMC respectively, all P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This study indicates that the T cell immune response to HBV-specific epitopes might be detected either in patient with chronic HBV infection or with previous HBV infection. This response should be much higher in patients with past HBV infection, even the virus had been cleared for long time. These results demonstrate that HBV-specific CTL might play an important role in the clearance of the virus.</p>

The etiology and clinical manifestations of 70 patients with hand-foot-mouth disease / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the etiology and clinical manifestations of 70 patients with hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The viral RNA from the pharynx swab samples were extracted and collected from 70 HFMD patients (of which, 60 cases were under 5 years old) to detect the 5'-UTR gene of EV, the Vp3-Vp1 genes of EV71 and Cox-A16 by utilizing the technique of RT-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of 70 HFMD patients, 30 cases (42.8%, 30/70) were positive in enterovirus nucleic acid, including EV71 and Cox-A16, pharynx swab sample testing. While, of the enteroviral pathogen RNA-positive 30 cases, EV71 accounted for 66.7% (20/30). The proportion of etiological positive of 39 samples collected within 4 days after onset was 66.7% (26/39), but the probability of 31 samples collected after more than 5 days after onset was 12.9% (4/31), the difference was significantly (chi(2) = 20.4, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HFMD patients were mainly infants and young children between 0-5 years old, but adults could also be attacked. The enterovirus detected was mainly EV71, and the pharynx swab samples should be collected within 4 days after onset to increase the related viral nucleic acid positive detection probability.</p>

Longitudinal changes of crown inclination in juveniles with normal occlusion / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the longitudinal changes in crown inclination of permanent incisors and first molars in juveniles with normal occlusion.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The untreated sample comprised 20 subjects (6 males and 14 females) with normal occlusion from the Research Centre for Craniofacial Growth and Development of Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology. Crown inclination was evaluated with Biaggini Rayset in two stages, stage I with first molars and four incisors in occlusion (mean, 9.5 +/- 0.9 years) and stage II with the second molars in occlusion (mean, 13.7 +/- 1.3 years).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>No significant difference was found between sexual groups. The crown inclination of the upper central incisors decreased (P < 0.001). The crown inclination of the lower central and lateral incisors increased (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively). The crown inclination of maxillary molars decreased with growth (P < 0.001), whereas that of mandibular molars increased with growth (P < 0.001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Maxillary molars tended to become upright lingually, whereas mandibular molars upright buccally with growth.</p>

Frequent promoter hypermethylation of several tumor suppressor genes in gastric carcinoma and foveolar epithelium / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the promoter hypermethylation of several tumor suppressor genes in gastric carcinoma (GC) tissue and adjacent normal gastric foveolar epithelium (GFE).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Methylation specific PCR (MSP) was used to examine the promoter methylation of tumor suppressor genes E-cadherin, hMLH1, APC and MGMT in paraffin-embedded gastric cancer tissue and adjacent normal foveolar epithelium in 106 cases.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive rate of genes promoter methylation was 44.3% (47/106 cases) and 72.6% (77/106 cases) at one or more genes tested in the normal GFE and GC tissue, respectively. There was a significant difference in the positive rates of gene promoter methylation between normal GFE and GC tissue (P = 0.0001). There was a significant association with Laurén classification, degree of differentiation and pTNM staging in GC (P < 0.05), but no significant association with Ming's classification (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Tumor suppressor genes promoter methylation is frequently present in GC and adjacent normal gastric foveolar epithelium, especially in Laurén diffuse type GC, poorly differentiated GC, mucus-secreting (signet ring) cell GC and pTNM stage III and IV GC. Our findings indicate that the gene promoter methylation is a common and early event in GC carcinogensis.</p>

Analysis on the mutation of ADAR gene in a pedigree with dyschromatosis symmetrical hereditaria / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyse the mutation of ADAR gene in a pedigree with dyschromatosis symmetrical hereditaria (DSH).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A pedigree of DSH was investigated. Mutation scanning was carried out by PCR and direct sequencing. ADAR gene of 50 normal people was also sequenced as control. Through CBMdisc and PubMed, the mutations of ADAR gene were summarized.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A novel mutation of c.2447G > A was found in all patients with DSH, but was not found in normal individuals in this DSH family and 50 unrelated controls. There were 64 mutations in ADAR gene.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A deletion mutation (c.2447G > A) in the ADAR gene has been detected in this DSH family, which is probably one of the molecular bases of the pathogenesis of the disease. Author have summarized a total of 64 mutations in the ADAR gene by previous reports and speculate that the mutation hotspots of ADAR gene might be located in the tRNA-specific and double-stranded RNA adenosine deaminase (ADEAMc) domain.</p>

The significance of anti-soluble liver antigen/liver-pancreas in diagnosing and typing autoimmune hepatitis / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the significance of anti-soluble liver antigen/liver-pancreas (anti-SLA/LP) in diagnosing and typing autoimmune hepatitis (AIH).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Six thousand patients with abnormal liver functions, who had their autoantibodies checked by immunofluorescent assay (IFA) and immune blotting assay, were reviewed retrospectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of these 6000 patients with liver diseases, 84 were diagnosed AIH. Eighteen patients, 0.3% of the 6000, patients with abnormal liver functions, were SLA/LP antibody positive, of which 17 were with AIH-III [2/17 with AIH /primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) overlap syndrome], and 1 with chronic hepatitis B. Sensitivity and specificity of SLA/LP antibody in diagnosing AIH were 20.2% and 99.7% respectively, and the positive prediction value was 94.44%. The antinuclear antibody (ANA) titer in the AIH-III group was significantly lower than that of the AIH-I group (P < 0.05). The age of patients with anti-SLA/LP was higher (58.8% were over 50 years old) than those without this antibody (52.2% were 30 to 50 years old). There were no significant differences between the type III and type I AIH regarding gender, age, abnormal degree of liver function, PTA, IgG, liver cirrhosis rates and response to immunosuppressive therapy.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Anti-SLA/LP is highly specific for diagnosing AIH. Comparing the clinical data of type III and type I AIH, we did not find significant differences between the two groups.</p>

Effect of different doses of sufentanil on stress responses to tracheal intubation in patients undergoing heart valve replacement surgery / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To determine the effect of different doses of sufentanil on stress responses to tracheal intubation in patients undergoing heart valve replacement surgery.@*METHODS@#Sixty patients undergoing heart valve replacement surgery were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=15). Before the tracheal intubation, patients received 10microg/kg fentanyl (Group A), 1microg/kg sufentanil (Group B ), 1.5micro/kg sufentanil (Group C), and 1.5microg/kg sufentanil (Group D), respectively, with midazolum and vecuronium intravenous injection. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and heart rate (HR) were recorded before the induction of anesthesia(T(0)), after the induction of anesthesia(T(1)), and at 1(T(2)), 3(T(3)), 5(T(4)), and 10 min after the tracheal intubation(T(5)). Rate-pressure product was derived from SBP and HR. Blood sugar was monitored at T(0), T(2) and T5.@*RESULTS@#The SBP,DBP,MAP, HR and RPP at T(0) were not significantly different among the 4 groups (P>0.05). These parameters at T(1) were significantly lower than those at T(0) (P0.05). The SBP,MAP in Group B,C,D at T(2) and T(3) were significantly lower than those in Group A (P0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Three doses of sufentanil may effectively control the stress responses to the tracheal intubation in patients undergoing heart valve replacement surgery, and the hemodynamics during the intubation at 1microg/kg is much more stable.

Changes of profile prominence in borderline cases with extraction and non-extraction orthodontic treatment / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the treatment effect on the prominence of profile in borderline cases between extraction and non-extraction treatment.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The sample consisting of 33 borderline cases based on the judgment of 5 orthodontic specialists was divided into three groups according to the treatment way selected by the doctor in charge of the case. Three groups comprised 12 non-extraction cases, 13 four first premolars extraction cases and 8 four second premolars extraction cases. Structure superimposition was used to measure landmarks displacements which reflect the change of profile prominence before and after orthodontic treatment using pretreatment FH plane as a frame of reference.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Only the prominence of upper and lower incisors showed statistically significance between the extraction and non-extraction treatments. There was no statistically significant difference between the extraction of four first premolars and second premolars.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The main effect of extraction vs. non-extraction on profile of borderline cases is the prominence of upper and lower incisors, while their influences on upper and lower base bone and soft-tissue profile are not obvious.</p>